RT - Journal Article T1 - Formulation of the moiré fringes formed by superimposing 2D networks with slowly collective changes of network parameters JF - opsi YR - 2015 JO - opsi VO - 21 IS - 0 UR - http://opsi.ir/article-1-709-en.html SP - 85 EP - 88 K1 - phase measurement K1 - defect analysis K1 - 2-D moiré K1 - phase singularity K1 - quadratic functions. AB - In this article we formulate the moiré fringes that are formed by over laying two similar networks of points that the parameters of one of them suffers small collective defects. It is shown that the resulted moiré fringes can be described by quadratic functions. Therefore, any 2-D physical phenomenon that can be converted into the changes of the parameters of a network can be studied by the moiré technique. We have tested the approach by presenting some examples of superimposing defected networks on the similar networks free from defects. LA eng UL http://opsi.ir/article-1-709-en.html M3 ER -