Optical coherence tomography in the Fourier domain due to its non-invasive nature and high resolution has become a routine tool in ophthalmology for detection and control of many diseases in the last two decades. In this paper, a novel method based on the image contrast the scans at the interfaces has been proposed and theoretically explained for decoupling refractive index and thickness of the layers. Also, error analysis has been done on this method which results in mean error lower than 2% on the generated reference data. The proposed method also has been checked for sensitivity to the background and foreground refractive indexes. In case of 10% error in background and foreground refractive indexes, mean error in calculation of the refractive index and thickness of the layers are less than 2.5%. Additionally, numerical procedure of this method has been explained and applied to several scan images of the retina and the resulted image has been illustrated.

Keywords: Optical coherence tomography, Refractive index, Fourier domain OCT, Medical imaging, Ophthalmology

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